Draw an outline of the rise and fall of the Muslim libraries. Introduction: One of the reasons for the spread and development of the library...
Draw an outline of the rise and fall of the Muslim libraries.
Introduction:
One of the reasons for the spread and development of the library during Muslim rule is the universality of Islam. There was no limitation and restriction in the use of books and libraries in all religions and caste communities. In Muslim rule with the rapid development of the writing industry the use of the library continued to grow gradually. For this reason, the collection of Muslim, Madrasha and Maktab books was developed. Alongside, the church and monastery books also grew in the same way.
Middle age Muslim libraries
Library in Damascus:
In the reign of Umayya (661-750), Damascus was the first Islamic Education and Culture Center. Muslim rulers of this period were a great patron of education. The rulers of this place established the library and the library of the house of Aviles.
The works of various languages, including the library translation section, were used to translate the Arabic language. Libraries include chemistry, medicine, astrology, astrology, literary history, philosophy of Muslim religious books, works of Aristotle and commentary on the writings of Aristotle. The library was opened for meritorious students and scholars.
Library in Baghdad:
During the Abbasid regime (750-1050) Baghdad was the best education and culture center. At this time, he used religious philosophy in the book of Abbasid Khalifah which encouraged the education of the people of the state. He Established universities and libraries. This led to the establishment of a famous library in Baghdad. Such as-
Baytul Hikmah:
Although this library was established during the rule of the founder of the city of Baghdad, Khalifa al-Mansur (754-775), but after his death, Khalifa Al Mamun (813-833) reformed it and named it House of library. It was composed of library institutions and translation bureaus which were known as the University of Baghdad. Al-Kharazzi Bin Ishaq, along with many well-known writers, was involved in this library. The Mughal emperor Halaku attacked Baghdad in 1258 and destroyed many educational and cultural centers, including Baytul Hikhmah.
Nizamia Library:
In 1065 AD, the main wazir Nizamul Mulk of Seljuk Sultan Malik Shah established a Madrasah named Nizamia Madrasa in Baghdad. Later it became famous as one of Bagdad's Knowledge Studies Center. Madrasa established a library. It is believed that Nizamiia Library was destroyed by war. Later in 1395, the Nizamia library was attached to the library of Mustanbin.
Library of Muntasariya Madrasa:
In 1227 Khalifa Muntasir Billa established this library in the eastern part of Baghdad. On the opening day, the caliph brought a lot of valuable and rare collection from the palace library on the back of 160 camels. As a result, the number of collections increased by 8 thousand. According to Ibn Battuta, the book was visited by various scholars.
Library in persia:
Every city in Persia consist Muslim libraries. The poet of Mosul named Ibn Hasan established education center and collect all kind of books. Poor students received free books from here.
Library in Cordova
The first important library of Europe was the Shahi Library of Umayyad dynasty. During the caliph Hakam, the vast improvement of Shahi Library was achieved. During the time of Caliph Abdur Rahman, the Umayyad Library in Cordova became the best library in Muslim area. According to some historians, the collection of this library was 40 lakhs. Someone says that 4-6 million books were collected.
Library in Granada:
A university with a library was established after the name of Granada town in Spain. There was a recorder for the management of every university. In the middle of the 13th century, this high poster of the University of Granada was decorated with Sirajuddin Abu Zafar Umar al-Hakami. The Arabs believed that real education is greater than the creed of education.
Collections of Muslim Libraries:
A variety of collections were found in most of the Muslim libraries of the medieval period. Here book selection was not limited by region, cast etc. Through the collection of books of writers ofall religions, these libraries reached the golden tip of prosperity. The collections was about Ancient poetry, history of Islam, philosophy, astronomy, literature, linguistics, law, history, geography, science etc. Besides, Hindu religious epics and medieval romance were included.
